2)…Английский для Инженеров Агабекян

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LESSON_4_ТЕХТ 1

THE UNITED KINGDOM

The United Kingdom, officially named the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is an island nation and constitutional monarchy in northwestern Europe. The names «United Kingdom», «Great Britain», and «England» are often used interchangeably.

Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles. The island of Great Britain has the length of 974 kilometres and the width of 531 kilometres. It comprises England, Scotland and Wales. Northern Ireland, also known as Ulster, occupies the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland. The total area of the United Kingdom is 242,000 square kilometres. Great Britain is one of the most densely populated countries in Europe. The population of the United Kingdom is more than 59 million people. The capital and the largest city is London.

The climate of the United Kingdom is mild. The mildness is an effect of the warm Gulf Stream. This current brings warm south-west winds that raise winter temperatures, lower summer temperatures and bring the cyclones with rains. The western side of the United Kingdom is warmer than the eastern; the south is warmer than the north. The mean annual temperature is 6°C in the far north of Scotland; 1ГС in the south-west of England. Winter temperatures are seldom below -10^aC and summer temperatures rarely higher than 32°C. The sea winds also. Rains fall frequently turning to snow in the winter. The western side of Britain is much wetter than the eastern.

Great Britain is one of the world's leading commercial and industrialized nations. In terms of gross national product (GNP) it ranks fifth in the world, with Italy, after the United States, Japan, Germany, and France.